![]() However, the book has a few shortcomings that limit its insights into the future of the India-Pakistan rivalry, most notably its failure to directly acknowledge the primacy of the Pakistani military establishment in the country’s politics. Complex Rivalry: The Dynamics of India-Pakistan Conflict argues that the enmity between the two countries traces to a unique jumble of factors, beginning with the shock of the Partition of India tensions have been further intensified by ideology, a shared border, and disputed territory. 95, October 2022Ĭomplex Rivalry: The Dynamics of India-Pakistan Conflict, Surinder Mohan, University of Michigan Press, 420 pp., $39.95, October 2022Ī new book by Indian scholar Surinder Mohan takes a multilayered approach to the India-Pakistan relationship, eschewing well-worn explanations-including those based in the tradition of realism, which emphasizes material power. Any recent progress in the relationship-such as India’s humanitarian gestures in the wake of devastating floods in Pakistan this year-has been largely cosmetic.Ĭomplex Rivalry: The Dynamics of India-Pakistan Conflict, Surinder Mohan, University of Michigan Press, 420 pp. ![]() ![]() India’s decision in 2019 to unilaterally rescind the special autonomous status of the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir further undermined bilateral ties. In response, the Modi government has adopted an unyielding stance. This decline stems in part from Pakistan’s continued dalliance with anti-Indian terrorist organizations, an unstated component of its national security strategy. (Their fleeting cooperation was largely confined to the 1950s.) The most recent crisis between New Delhi and Islamabad took place three years ago, following a terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir India followed with an aerial attack in Pakistan, leading to retaliation from Islamabad.Īs that crisis underscored, the India-Pakistan relationship has deteriorated significantly in the last decade, especially following the election of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014. ![]() ![]() The two states fought a war in that year-and three more in the years since, in 1965, 1971, and 1999. India and Pakistan have mostly been at odds since 1947, when both emerged as independent countries after decades of British rule. ![]()
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